Showing posts with label Olivia's spiritual experiences. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Olivia's spiritual experiences. Show all posts

August 13, 2026

Revelations: Reflections by Olivia Robertson

"Friends, like all of us, you must be fascinated by 
the word "Revelations", so I will share you, some."

You may listen to Olivia Robertson's Reflections article on YouTube:  https://youtu.be/njaUkEsW_QY

Transcript:

(© quote and art by Olivia Robertson)

Fellowship of Isis Homepage
http://www.fellowshipofisis.com

 

July 11, 2026

The Sun at Midnight

 

"Wonderful is the Goddess."

Olivia Robertson speaks on the experiences that she had of the "Sun at Midnight" in the year 2000:

Listen on YouTube: https://youtu.be/pSXIYWBDBMc

(© art by Olivia Robertson; photo by Minette Quick; Foundation Center Temple)

Fellowship of Isis Homepage
http://www.fellowshipofisis.com

April 12, 2026

Celebrating Olivia Robertson

 

"We weave a magical web of beauty round our earth 
through these experiences, which link us with heaven."  

In fond remembrance of Olivia Robertson and her birthday (April 13, 1917), we are highlighting this Reflections article where she shared her encounters with the Goddesses Dana, Brigid, Yemaya, and Pele:

(© photo of Olivia by Logic Reality)

Fellowship of Isis Homepage
http://www.fellowshipofisis.com

April 12, 2025

Honoring Olivia Robertson

 

In loving memory of Olivia Robertson's Birthday (April 13, 1917), we have uploaded more of her "Reflections" recordings on our YouTube channel.  They are the first four listed on this playlist:



Leopoldine the Beautiful:
“To find the Other is to look within. Gaze in a mirror. You will see your twin.”

The Blame and Shame Game:
“Blame others and you expose your own secret failings."

The Balance:
“To Accept One’s Enemy is to face the Judge."

The Awakening:
“As said the Goddess Ishtar, seeking her dead lover Tammuz: 'I shall awaken the Dead' "


(© photo by Minette Quick)

The Life and Works of Olivia Robertson:
http://www.fellowshipofisis.com/oliviarobertson.html

November 13, 2024

Remembering Olivia Robertson

 

Blessings Aset Shemsu!  Please join us in lighting a candle in memory of Olivia Robertson, co-founder of the Fellowship of Isis, on the anniversary of her passing to Spirit Realm eleven years ago.

In her honor, we have uploaded four more "Reflections" articles that she recorded on audio.  They are the first four listed on this playlist on our YouTube channel:
Rebirth: The Coming Awakening:
"Awakening comes unpredictably, when it chooses!"

Alchemy of Lovers:
"Each spiral ring is of equal value."

Beware the Gang!:
"To me the necessity is never to lose control of one's own original eternal soul."

Even the Gods Obey the Fates:
"To pay honour to the moment, I offer three of my prophetic visions."


(© photo by Minette Quick; quotes by Olivia Robertson; copyrights reserved)

The Life and Work of Olivia Robertson:
http://www.fellowshipofisis.com/oliviarobertson.html

April 12, 2024

Remembering Olivia's Birthday

 

"She who inspired me to do all my work, 
came to me, at night in 1946 at Imbolc"

In fond remembrance of FOI co-founder, Olivia Robertson on her birthday (4/13/1917), we have uploaded audio of her speaking on the Silver Lady:
(© photo of Olivia Robertson by ZoĆ© d'Ay, 2010)

The Life and Works of Olivia Robertson:
http://www.fellowshipofisis.com/oliviarobertson.html


November 13, 2023

Remembering Olivia


Please light a candle and join us in honoring Olivia Robertson, co-founder of the Fellowship of Isis, on the 10th anniversary of her passing to the Spirit Realm.  In remembrance, we have uploaded four more "Reflections" articles that she recorded.  You may access them on our YouTube channel, under this playlist:

Olivia Robertson Reflections:

Roll-Over
"Practitioners of the Way of Inconsistency would bewilder their opponents."

Mirror, Mirror on the Wall
"My first lunar experience was in vision at night, on the 18th of October, 1977."

Transparent Walls
"The beauties of the ancient world reveal themselves."

Reflections on Destiny
"The most friendly form of greater consciousness is omnipresence"


**************
(© graphic Fellowship of Isis Homepage & Archive, quotes by Olivia Robertson)

The Life and Work of Olivia Robertson:

November 14, 2022

Remembering Olivia Robertson

Blessings Aset Shemsu!  Please join us in lighting a candle in memory of Olivia Robertson, co-founder of the Fellowship of Isis, on the anniversary of her passing to Spirit Realm nine years ago.

In her honor, we have uploaded five more "Reflections" articles that she recorded on audio:

The Democratic Grael
Fractal Woman
The Faery Clan of Melusine
The Lightning Flash of Isis
The Matter of Arthur

You may access them on our YouTube channel, under this Playlist:



(© photo by Minette Quick, copyright reserved)

Life and Work of Olivia Robertson:
http://www.fellowshipofisis.com/oliviarobertson.html

November 13, 2021

Remembering Olivia Robertson

 

Blessings to all Aset Shemsu.  Please join us in lighting a candle to honor Olivia Robertson, co-founder of the Fellowship of Isis, on the anniversary of her passing to Spirit Realm eight years ago.

In this Youtube video you may listen to Olivia speak of her experience of:

"My own dedication came from sudden awareness of identity with the White Light of Isis, a shining silver-white feminine figure with wide shining lightning flashes extending from either side of her head – this encompassed the stars. So I learnt that without Truth, Love becomes dissipated. I have always received inspiration from Those outside myself. I received this teaching: 'Approach Truth with courage: Love with humility.' Divine reality pervades every being. I learnt to honour the truth in all faiths and philosophies. To accept Deity in each creature and atom, I felt the love within all are born of The Great Mother of All.  Which makes us equal with everyone, everything.  I write this to bring hope."


(© graphic Fellowship of Isis Homepage & Archive)

The Life and Work of Olivia Robertson
http://www.fellowshipofisis.com/oliviarobertson.com

October 7, 2021

The Lightness of the Sidhe


"The Lightness of the Sidhe" 
Article written by Olivia Robertson in May of 2007
Listen on YouTube:  https://youtu.be/INsXq2OkFH8

"Oh the heaviness of theologians! The pomposity of patriarchal Druids. The doctrinal dreariness of occultists. Long have I been bored stiff by harangues from 'Masters' of ? Of What? Wisdom of course. For a thousand years or more we women have provided congregations for men holding forth on our Motherhood, our marriages, our children, our destiny in the next world - either hell or heaven according to their own prescription.

"What a relief to have a faery web! Yes, you may spell it 'fairy'. Or 'Sidhe'. Or Devic. Words are the bugbear of happiness. The 19th Century Poets of the Celtic Revival used the spelling 'Faery'. Both are valid and acceptable.

"So in the Druid Clan of Dana my own hope - with my brother - was to found a happy, friendly, easy sphere for people to be their true selves, uninhibited by logic, facts, dogmas, criticisms. Facts? So-called facts. Remember, our theologians for centuries taught that the sun went round the earth, and burnt those who disagreed with them. Scientists created nuclear bombs to benefit their countries. They haven't.

"So when we describe personal encounters with Deities, Angels, Sidhe, faeries, we need to put aside prejudice, fear, dislike and "scientific" opinion. Note that when 'alive', we are at least respected by materialists as being materially there. The moment we die, we are non-persons, with no rights, privilege or respect. We are prey to being exorcised by the clergy, banished by esotericists and ignored by the majority of the educated world.

"Yes, I will be honest and tell of my own few encounters with fairies, in this my first article. I shall present an Elf, a Triton and talking Squirrel-field-mice.

"The Elf I met in full consciousness, when I was projected out of my body at night... Here I must emphasise that faery folk exist on a higher frequency than we do - there is a feeling of the speed you notice in early films. This elf was friendly and had come to help me back to my body. He was about 3 feet tall and was supernaturally thin. But what struck me most was his hair. He had a very long thin pigtail that reached to his knees, like a fine rope.

"Some years later I was describing him to a faery contactee. To my delight she also had seen an elf with hair like that. Oddly, some months later I saw a young man with his hair braided in like fashion. But who started the fashion - elf or human?

"The Triton I met looked like those green renaissance sculptured tritons, depicted with ornamental fountains. He was very large, green and looked like a kind of underseas scaly fish. I was aware of the extraordinary speed of the dimension in which he existed. He manifested in a rushing stream. I liked him.

"The most extraordinary creatures I have ever met were red squirrel-cum-field-mice animals in my bedroom, when I was out of my body at night. What was so unusual, was that they had human-like intelligence, and could therefore talk with me. They had come to help me back to my body.

"At that time I still had embarrassment at conversing with intelligent animal spirits, so I was immensely relieved at reassurance brought by my friend, and Priest of Isis. He had called in from Cork and we were having tea. He suddenly said: "A strange thing happened to me yesterday. I saw these squirrel-like creatures - spirits - and they could talk!" "Thank you, thank you!" I exclaimed.

"May this start more accounts from our Druid members and friends! By the way, animal spirits are classified as 'Sidhe.' I have yet to tell of the White Rabbit - Pasicola the Trickster, and how I met him, as did Alice in Wonderland. Yes, it's true."


(© Article and "Well Wishers of the Sidhe", Temple well cover art by Olivia Robertson, copyrights reserved)

Fellowship of Isis Homepage & Archive
http://www.fellowshipofisis.com

August 12, 2021

Book Highlight


Olivia Robertson wrote in the book "Fellowship of Isis Manuals: A Compendium":

“Ireland is one of the last bastions of true vision, and therefore a lighthouse for a new aeon.  The Goddess Tara, known in Eire and the Far East, is She who draws the stars down from the heavens to reach the mountains and hills.  Dana is She who brings light and love to the hearts of every creature.  Brighid is the sustainer of the Vestal Flame, the hearth fire that is our life, and provides the Well of Inspiration.  It is these three Goddesses that have appeared to me and communed with me while I was fully conscious:  Tara in 1946; Dana in 1952 and Brighid in 2000.

“I now realise that They came with especial intent:  for me to share what They brought to the earth.  From She who I called ‘The Silver Lady’, inspired the Noble Order of Tara, that we should fight for our environment.  Dana has brought forth the Druid Clan of Dana, for an awakening of our kindred souls in the realms of nature, through mystical vision.  Brighid has come last with an awakening awareness of sound:  sonics create the spiralling of life itself.  It was from Isis Herself, in shining White Spirit Form that gave me my vocation in 1946, and that led to my brother Lawrence, his wife Pamela, and myself to found the Fellowship of Isis in 1976."


(© quote by Olivia Robertson; Foundation Center Castle photo by Pat Booker; copyrights reserved)

FOI Homepage Bookstore:

January 13, 2021

Excerpt from "The Call of Isis"


From the "The Call of Isis" by Olivia Robertson:

"So it is only by analogy that one may imagine the domain of the Inner Sun. We are given words such as 'building the solar body.' But I feel that the solar body is there for all of us: we have rather to strengthen the rainbow bridge that joins our souls to our Spirit. How may we do this?

Strangely enough, in this most active area of the Inner Sun, we must at last surrender activity. In order to transcend limitation, we must give up the barriers we ourselves have built in order to protect our own developing originality. For the surrender to the Light prematurely is to suffer the fate of Semele, and be burnt by too great a glory. One needs, as the earth does, one's protective veil of blue atmosphere, one's shell of personality.

One is encouraged in approaching the Initiation of the Sun, by seeing the bright form of one who has attained the Light. Once I was awakened in the morning by just a vision. Eyes open, heart full of wonder, I saw standing at the foot of my bed a figure made of golden light. He was self-luminous and shone like the sun. And the glory came from love.  Others have had a like experience. And this Solar body also belongs to ourselves, our true greater selves, if we will only allow ourselves to be conscious of it.

Yet this consciousness comes from self-forgetting. The constrictions of self fall away and, like the butterfly we immerge from the chrysalis of what was once our whole world. We are like newborn babies when we first awaken into Cosmic Consciousness. We lose nothing; rather we gain the harvest of many lives. We touch on the experiences of our own spiritual group.

We have the Universe before us - Temple of the Stars."

(© Window Shrine, Foundation Center Temple by Minette Quick; 'Call of Isis' excerpt by Olivia Robertson; copyrights reserved)

Fellowship of Isis Homepage Archive

November 13, 2020

Honoring Olivia Robertson


Dear Aset Shemsu, we invite you to join us in lighting a candle to remember Olivia Robertson, co-founder of the Fellowship of Isis, on the anniversary of her passing to the Spirit Realm seven years ago.

Please also visit our new YouTube channel where we will share Olivia's audio recordings.  We have begun with the FOI prayers and blessings:


Check back as new offerings will be added as time permits. All of the mp3 recordings will still be available on the Audio Gallery section of our website (see link below). Isian Blessings to all.


Olivia Robertson Biography:

Audio Gallery:
http://www.fellowshipofisis.com/audiogallery.html

(© graphic Fellowship of Isis Homepage & Archive)

May 13, 2020

Vision of Pele


Olivia Robertson wrote the following about her vision of the Goddess Pele in October of 2007:

"I was wakened by the appearance of a woman who had the power and presence of a Goddess. She had very dark hair, black touched with bronze, which surrounded her head with large rich curls. Her body was gold-bronze. I saw Her in profile which was strong, with fine nose and determined chin. Her eyebrows were thick and black, her eyes dark, and her lips were very full and indented at the corners. Here I feel, I should not give her message. She gave me a circular mirror of Prophecy – a gift from the Goddess Mahina of the Moon. However, what was particularly wonderful was that she brought a flow of diamond and crystal points of white light – in a dome shape on top of my head – thus opening my crown chakra. I had thought that this had happened already, but not in this brilliant and orderly way, resembling Far Eastern tiaras.

"I received the word 'Loa'. I can equate this with my experience of Yemaya of the Ocean, which I was given in 2005. What I understand is this. The Loas – Nature deities – do not punish us for wrong-doing. But the earth herself and all her elements are part of our own being. When we transgress the laws of love and goodness, this produces repercussions throughout earth. After various turbulences – possibly an axis shift – a new and nobler humanity will emerge from the old, as the veil between our physical earth and the etheric realm will dissolve. Hence there will be no 'death' but soul transference. We only die because we identify with our physical bodies. So there is hope. And creativity will pour forth in rainbow beauty."


(© "Pele, Goddess of Inner Sun" art by Olivia Robertson, photo by Minette Quick; copyrights reserved)

Fellowship of Isis Homepage Archive
http://www.fellowshipofisis.com

April 10, 2017

Reflections on 'A Vision' Mystery Play

 
A new audio file has been uploaded to our website of Olivia Robertson speaking in 2005 about AE, Yeats, Daniel Fox, her visions of the Goddesses Brigid and Dana, along with the mystery drama - 'A Vision' - that she was inspired to write.  A pdf of the ritual is also included. Click on the following link to read and listen:
 


(photo of Olivia Robertson, copyright Minette Quick)

February 24, 2017

The Silver Lady: Audio & Artwork

 
Below are two audio clips of the late Olivia Robertson describing her experiences with the Silver Lady - the Goddess who first inspired her:
 
Click to Listen: The Silver Lady Part I
 
Click to Listen: The Silver Lady Part II

 
Audio Transcript - The Silver Lady, Part I
(mp3 file/ 1.8 mb / 4:00 mins)
"She who inspired me to do all my work, came to me, at night in 1946 at Imbolc; about Feb. the 1st I saw her. I associated her with snow, because she came at midnight in the snow with the aura of stars and moon. It was at the time of Capricorn still, getting on to Aquarius - that queer, cold, magical time of midwinter, moving to spring. She told me to get out of bed, which I did reluctantly because of the bitter cold, and put on my red cardigan. Now I guess she wished me to know that she WAS REAL. But she was made of different substance, of crystallized white light, her hair raven black, her dress was cut in v-shapes of different cloths - violet and blue-green. I knew that they were blended together, the material, in some way - not sewn. She unwound a white scarf. Her face had delicate features. To me she was absolutely real, as physical reality to be absolutely real, but obviously in different dimensions. She told me to sit, and she sat facing me. The extraordinary thing is, that I could not remember one word of our half hour's conversation. Now I believe I was not meant to remember in the surface of my mind, that I had to have free will to work out what I wanted to do as well. This has influenced me all my life - whatever our conversation was - from the depths, like the depths of the ocean. My own feeble telepathic abilities were as nothing in comparison with the clarity and power of her thought-stream. This was the first Goddess who had come to me. By Goddess, I mean an advanced feminine Being. The visits were a very rare occurrence, with years inbetween. I knew she belonged to a more spiritual and wise race of being. At the close of our communion - it was communion - she rose and I thought: "she has a dignity of a queen, the grace of a ballet dancer and the power of a gymnast!" At that date I had not heard of UFO's, so could not make out at all what was this small plane which she had to wait for? Goddess or no Goddess, she had to wait for some, what I thought, was like a little Aer Lingus plane. And above all, what was the giant ship in the sky that the plane would take her to? I gathered it was as big or bigger than the Queen Mary liner, and that to me was immense. I think that size in the sky made of some wonderful substance like this Lady - well, I couldn't understand it at all - I was overcome."

Audio Transcript - The Silver Lady, Part II
(mp3 file, 504 kb, 2:09 mins)
"A year or so later, I had a vision of the Silver Lady, as I called her, appearing in a wretched slum dwelling with an African family of some immigrants, in utter poverty, which then existed in the Dublin slums, which I'd worked in for four years. I looked after children in the most terrible conditions. What struck me was her power. She stood, straight and slim, and raised her right arm in command. Her left arm she gestured downwards in utter dismissal of such conditions. It reminded me of the figure of Christ, in Michelangelo's Last Judgment: one arm up, the other down. It's as if you call down the powers of heaven with your left hand and execute them with your right. It was a call to action. My brother Lawrence, his wife Pamela and I did go on doing my social work when we created the Clonegal Welfare Association in 1960 to '63, when the government then took over local authority and the people actually had enough to eat. In our area of Clonegal, it was extraordinary that there were people living below subsistence level. There was one farm family living on 15 pounds a week, and yet they'd be too proud to accept. This wasn't charity - we suggested people join the scheme, contributed when they could and then - well, we did get a lot of money, we got 10,000 pounds from the English who helped us in this, but nonetheless - the people all contributed themselves when they could. It was extraordinary - we visited 400 families, we knew all about them intimately. We were fascinated by what they wanted. One woman who had absolutely nothing longed for a peacock firescreen. Another one wanted a cuckoo clock and my sister Pamela, very imaginative, she managed to get it for them as a Christmas present. So I think those small thing matter, just as much at subsistence level. I feel that we can't really proceed in our spiritual life without respecting not only our fellow human beings, whatever race or color, but all the other beings."


Archival Link:
Fellowship of Isis Audio Gallery

(Painting of The Silver Lady by Olivia Robertson, Foundation Center Temple, photo copyright M. Quick)

November 13, 2015

The Silver Lady

 
In remembrance of the life and work of Olivia Robertson (see the above post), we share this drawing and audio file where she describes her experiences with the Silver Lady:
 
(mp3 file, 1.85mb, 4:02 mins)
 
Audio transcript:
 
"She who inspired me to do all my work, came to me, at night in 1946 at Imbolc; about Feb. the 1st, I saw her. I associated her with snow, because she came at midnight in the snow with the aura of stars and moon. It was at the time of Capricorn still, getting on to Aquarius - that queer, cold, magical time of midwinter, moving to spring. She told me to get out of bed, which I did reluctantly because of the bitter cold, and put on my red cardigan. Now I guess she wished me to know that she WAS REAL. But she was made of different substance, of crystallized white light, her hair raven black, her dress was cut in v-shapes of different cloths - violet and blue-green. I knew that they were blended together, the material, in some way - not sewn. She unwound a white scarf. Her face had delicate features. To me she was absolutely real, as physical reality to be absolutely real, but obviously in different dimensions. She told me to sit, and she sat facing me.
 
"The extraordinary thing is, that I could not remember one word of our half hour's conversation. Now I believe I was not meant to remember in the surface of my mind, that I had to have free will to work out what I wanted to do as well. This has influenced me all my life - whatever our conversation was - from the depths, like the depths of the ocean. My own feeble telepathic abilities were as nothing in comparison with the clarity and power of her thought-stream. This was the first Goddess who had come to me. By Goddess, I mean an advanced feminine Being. The visits were a very rare occurrence, with years inbetween. I knew she belonged to a more spiritual and wise race of being. At the close of our communion - it was communion - she rose and I thought: 'she has a dignity of a queen, the grace of a ballet dancer and the power of a gymnast!'
 
"At that date I had not heard of UFO's, so could not make out at all what was this small plane which she had to wait for? Goddess or no Goddess, she had to wait for some, what I thought, was like a little Aer Lingus plane. And above all, what was the giant ship in the sky that the plane would take her to? I gathered it was as big or bigger than the Queen Mary liner, and that to me was immense. I think that size in the sky made of some wonderful substance like this Lady - well, I couldn't understand it at all - I was overcome.
 
"A year or so later, I had a vision of the Silver Lady, as I called her, appearing in a wretched slum dwelling with an African family of some immigrants, in utter poverty, which then existed in the Dublin slums, which I'd worked in for four years. I looked after children in the most terrible conditions. What struck me was her power. She stood, straight and slim, and raised her right arm in command. Her left arm she gestured downwards in utter dismissal of such conditions. It reminded me of the figure of Christ, in Michelangelo's Last Judgment: one arm up, the other down. It's as if you call down the powers of heaven with your left hand and execute them with your right. It was a call to action."

 
Archival Link: FOI Audio Gallery
 

(Drawing of the Silver Lady by Olivia Robertson, personal collection, copyright reserved.)
 
 

April 12, 2015

Remembering Olivia's Birthday


Please take a moment to join us in remembering and honoring the late Olivia Robertson, who was born on April 13th, 1917.   To hear Olivia speak of the Vocation that led to her co-founding the Fellowship of Isis, click on the audio file below:

 
Audio transcript: 
"It was direct spiritual experience, as with my brother, that I had a direct spiritual Vocation to do this from God - the feminine aspect of God - God who is also feminine to emphasize this, because the world is threatened by destruction, through pollution, through misuse of nature - often through stupidity and greed.  We're destroying the planet.  And the Divine Plan appears to be to emphasize the feminine: charity, kindness, care for nature, nurturing, motherhood - all that side.  Not to get rid of the male aspect, but to balance male aggression and materialism and this linear-logical, mental thought:  always analysis, analysis - we're more for healing and synthesis."
 

(Photo of Olivia from the DVD "Olivia, Priestess of Isis", copyright Logic Reality.)

February 1, 2014

Brigid's Visitation


In the early dawn on the first day of the Thesmophoria in 2000, Olivia Robertson had a vision of the Goddess Brigid.  She writes:  "I saw an unearthly woman by my bed. She had hair like liquid gold cut in 'petals' and wore a white robe slightly flushed with gold on a part of it. It was what she was doing that was so strange. She was striking a suspended very long crystal with a rod. As she did so, I observed a mighty transparent column on her left side and within it, at the beautiful clear fairly high note she struck, spirals of golden 'atoms' gyrated."

Listen to Olivia speak further about her experience by clicking here:
 
Visitation of Brigid Audio
(mp3 file / 1:57 min./459kb)

Audio Transcript:
"When I was given a visitation of the Goddess Brigid, She was showing me a way that would bring us access to other spiritual and better realms without taking to extreme asceticism and self-punishment. What she demonstrated to me was simple. She was showing the production of sound from striking certain crystals, and that these affected particles in a vacuum column. All this was performed not in the material state but in what many call “the etheric” sphere, more refined than our earth, but still the higher part. All of our apparently solid material world emanates from this more luminous sphere. Hence miracles may take place in soul consciousness. This realm was a part of a twisting spiral of life involving the Infinite Love and Truth of Deity through the Universe.

"Since my experience with Brigid, and of attaining the Inner Sun of the Isian and Eleusinian Mysteries, I have tried to comprehend what I was being taught. I know that what I receive I need to share with others. Of course so many people know about attaining the spiritual life, but what had I to offer? What I feel is essential is the acceptance of Deity – by whatever Divine Name you use – as transcendental, but also immanent throughout all creation. Duality is a delusion. Obviously we need to be aware of dangers, of evil, of cruelty and injustice, and to conquer these. But we do not conquer what is real. We are eliminating distorted shadows. So in coping with the most malign person, we can only help by concentrating on the divine spark within, which is projected from the Heart of the Mother."

Homepage Link:  Audio Gallery


(Painting of Brigid by Olivia Robertson, Castle Temple. Audio file and photo copyright protected.)

November 14, 2013

Olivia Painting


Below is a link to more photos of Olivia Robertson painting in her studio, as well as a clip from her DVD as she describes her current painting technique and how she envisions the energy bodies of the Deities:




(photo of Olivia by Dennis Murphy, all rights reserved)